Dodge J D
Biosystems. 1983;16(3-4):259-67. doi: 10.1016/0303-2647(83)90009-6.
The eyespots or stigmas from five species of dinoflagellates fall into three distinct categories: independent eyespot which is not membrane bound; independent eyespot which is surrounded by three membranes; eyespot situated at the periphery of a chloroplast. In all cases the eyespot is situated behind the longitudinal groove or sulcus and there is a strand of microtubules between the eyespot and the cell covering or theca. In two cases the strand has been clearly shown to originate near the base of the longitudinal flagellum, which is the one passing over the eyespot and is also responsible for directional movement of the cell. The microtubular strand is presumed to play a part in the transmission of directional stimulation from eyespot to flagellum and a hypothesis is advanced to explain how this may be brought about. Phylogenetically, the structure of the various types of eyespots would link these dinoflagellates with euglenids and chrysophytes , and the diversity found in the dinoflagellates is probably a reflection of the diverse origin of chloroplasts in this group.
无膜包裹的独立眼点；被三层膜包围的独立眼点；位于叶绿体周边的眼点。在所有情况下，眼点都位于纵沟或浅沟之后，且在眼点与细胞覆盖物或壳之间有一束微管。在两种情况下，已清楚表明这束微管起源于纵鞭毛基部附近，纵鞭毛越过眼点并负责细胞的定向运动。推测微管束在将定向刺激从眼点传递到鞭毛的过程中起作用，并提出了一个假说来解释这一过程是如何发生的。从系统发育角度看，各种类型眼点的结构会将这些甲藻与裸藻和金藻联系起来，甲藻中发现的多样性可能反映了该类群叶绿体的多样起源。
