Griffin D J, Gross B H, McCracken S, Glazer G M
J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1984 Feb;8(1):24-8. doi: 10.1097/00004728-198402000-00005.
Distinguishing juxtadiaphragmatic pleural and peritoneal fluid by computed tomography (CT) is sometimes difficult. We evaluated the distribution of fluid in 50 consecutive patients with pleural effusion or ascites or both. Juxtadiaphragmatic pleural fluid was nearly always found posteromedially, whereas peritoneal fluid typically distributed lateral to the liver or spleen or both in the posterior upper abdomen. This difference in distribution is easily explained by pertinent upper abdominal peritoneal and extraperitoneal anatomy. On the basis of distribution alone, pleural and peritoneal fluid could be differentiated in 47 of 50 patients. Difficulty was encountered with loculated pleural fluid and with ascites having a large left subphrenic component; in those situations, previously reported CT signs may be helpful.
通过计算机断层扫描（CT）区分膈旁胸腔积液和腹腔积液有时很困难。我们评估了50例连续性胸腔积液或腹水或两者皆有的患者体内液体的分布情况。膈旁胸腔积液几乎总是在后内侧发现，而腹腔积液通常分布于上腹部后方肝脏或脾脏一侧或两侧。这种分布差异可以通过相关的上腹部腹膜和腹膜外解剖结构轻松解释。仅基于分布情况，50例患者中有47例的胸腔积液和腹腔积液能够得以区分。局限性胸腔积液以及左膈下有大量积液成分的腹水会造成诊断困难；在这些情况下，先前报道的CT征象可能会有所帮助。
