Smail P, Stockwell T, Canter S, Hodgson R
Br J Psychiatry. 1984 Jan;144:53-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.144.1.53.
Sixty alcoholics (40 males) were assessed for agoraphobia and social phobia, and over half the sample were rated as having either or both these disorders when last drinking. Twenty one subjects had mild phobias and eleven had severe phobias. The more severely phobic males were also found to be the most alcohol dependent and those with no phobias were least alcohol dependent but this effect was not found among the females. All phobic alcoholics reported that alcohol had helped them to cope in feared situations, and almost all had deliberately used it for this purpose. A small sample of out-patients referred for phobias alone were also asked about their use of alcohol. The majority had found it helpful in coping with fears, although more men than women had deliberately used it for this purpose.
对60名酗酒者（40名男性）进行了广场恐惧症和社交恐惧症评估，超过一半的样本在最后一次饮酒时被评定患有其中一种或两种疾病。21名受试者有轻度恐惧症，11名有重度恐惧症。还发现，恐惧症越严重的男性对酒精的依赖程度越高，而没有恐惧症的男性对酒精的依赖程度最低，但在女性中未发现这种影响。所有患有恐惧症的酗酒者都表示，酒精帮助他们应对恐惧情境，而且几乎所有人都曾特意为此饮酒。一小部分仅因恐惧症前来就诊的门诊患者也被问及他们的饮酒情况。大多数人发现酒精有助于应对恐惧，不过特意为此饮酒的男性多于女性。
