Isard H J
Cancer. 1984 Feb 1;53(3 Suppl):658-64. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3+<658::aid-cncr2820531311>3.0.co;2-y.
Images of the breast can now be produced by five modalities: x-ray, heat, sound, light, and magnetism. X-ray mammography is generally accepted as the most accurate of these in the detection of breast cancer, and the standard by which the others are judged. Despite the obvious attraction of nonionizing techniques, the economic factor attendant on multiple studies requires consideration. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is currently being investigated in several clinics, but as yet there is no large series of documented cases. This report addresses itself to thermography, ultrasonography and diaphanography (transillumination). The unique characteristics of each and their respective roles in evaluation of the breast, particularly in the detection of breast cancer, will be discussed. When used in conjunction with mammography, potential advantages include: enhanced diagnostic accuracy, reduction of unnecessary surgery, and, in proven cases of breast cancer, prognostic capability. Thus far it has not been demonstrated that any of the nonionizing techniques can serve as a sole screening modality for breast cancer detection in asymptomatic women.
目前，乳房成像可通过五种方式进行：X射线、热、声音、光和磁。X线乳房造影术通常被认为是这些方法中检测乳腺癌最准确的，也是评判其他方法的标准。尽管非电离技术具有明显的吸引力，但多项检查带来的经济因素仍需考虑。目前，几家诊所正在对核磁共振（NMR）进行研究，但尚未有大量病例记录。本报告主要探讨热成像、超声成像和透照成像（透光检查）。将讨论每种方法的独特特性及其在乳房评估，特别是在乳腺癌检测中的各自作用。当与乳房造影术联合使用时，潜在优势包括：提高诊断准确性、减少不必要的手术，以及在已确诊的乳腺癌病例中具有预后评估能力。到目前为止，尚未证明任何一种非电离技术可作为无症状女性乳腺癌检测的唯一筛查方式。
