Hermiller J B, Leithe M E, Magorien R D, Unverferth D V, Leier C V
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1984 Feb;228(2):319-26.
Seven patients with severe congestive heart failure received amrinone i.v. (continuous infusions of 10, 20 and 40 micrograms/kg/min) and orally (1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mg/kg) in order to determine the comprehensive acute hemodynamic response of this agent. Standard hemodynamic, echocardiographic and systolic time interval measurements were made before and sequentially after amrinone administration. Intravenous amrinone significantly increased cardiac index and stroke volume index, did not alter heart rate and significantly decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, mean systemic blood pressure and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances. The determinants of left ventricular inotropy, delta P/delta t, pre-ejection period index and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening were not affected by amrinone; dobutamine (5 and 10 micrograms/kg/min), used as an internal standard for inotropy, significantly improved these determinants. Except for a significant reduction in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, first-dose oral amrinone effected little change in central hemodynamic variables and indices of ventricular inotropy; no additional changes occurred after the fifth dose. In the setting of severe chronic congestive heart failure, short-term iv infusions and oral administration of amrinone elicit only mild to moderate hemodynamic changes. Furthermore, these changes are a result of vasodilation (preload and afterload reduction) rather than positive inotropy.
七名重度充血性心力衰竭患者接受了氨力农静脉注射（以10、20和40微克/千克/分钟的速度持续输注）和口服（1.5、3.0和4.5毫克/千克），以确定该药物的综合急性血流动力学反应。在给予氨力农之前和之后依次进行标准血流动力学、超声心动图和收缩期时间间隔测量。静脉注射氨力农显著增加心脏指数和每搏量指数，不改变心率，并显著降低肺毛细血管楔压、平均体循环血压以及体循环和肺血管阻力。左心室收缩力的决定因素，如△P/△t、射血前期指数和圆周纤维缩短速度不受氨力农影响；作为收缩力内标使用的多巴酚丁胺（5和10微克/千克/分钟）显著改善了这些决定因素。除肺毛细血管楔压显著降低外，首剂口服氨力农对中心血流动力学变量和心室收缩力指标影响很小；第五剂后未出现其他变化。在重度慢性充血性心力衰竭的情况下，短期静脉输注和口服氨力农仅引起轻度至中度血流动力学变化。此外，这些变化是血管舒张（前负荷和后负荷降低）而非正性肌力作用的结果。
