Markolf K L, Kabo J M, Stoller D W, Zager S A, Amstutz H C
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984 Mar(183):246-54.
Flow properties of Simplex, Zimmer Regular, Zimmer LVC, and Sulfix bone cements were measured as functions of time between two and five minutes after mixing. The mass flowrates measured for Zimmer Regular and Simplex were quite similar in the temperature range of 20.0 degrees -23.3 degrees. At 18.3 degrees Simplex had approximately double the flowrate of Zimmer Regular two minutes after mixing. The flowrate for LVC was approximately four times that measured for Zimmer Regular at 20.0 degrees. Sulfix displayed the greatest sensitivity of flowrate with temperature; at 18.3 degrees its flow characteristics were similar to those of LVC, and at 23.3 degrees it behaved more like Simplex and Zimmer Regular. All cements demonstrated substantial relative increases in flowrates with only slight increases in pressure; Sulfix was the most pressure sensitive. Set times for Zimmer, LVC, and Sulfix were virtually identical, ranging from a mean of 11 minutes (at 18.3 degrees) to 7.5 minutes (at 23.3 degrees). Simplex had considerably longer set times, averaging 15.8 minutes (at 18.3 degrees) and 9.4 minutes (at 23.3 degrees). Although Simplex demonstrated the greatest sensitivity of set time with temperature (almost double that measured for the other 3 cements), it did not show the greatest sensitivity of flowrate with temperature.
在混合后两到五分钟的时间范围内，对Simplex、Zimmer Regular、Zimmer LVC和Sulfix骨水泥的流动特性进行了测量。在20.0摄氏度至23.3摄氏度的温度范围内，Zimmer Regular和Simplex的质量流率测量结果非常相似。在18.3摄氏度时，混合两分钟后Simplex的流率约为Zimmer Regular的两倍。在20.0摄氏度时，LVC的流率约为Zimmer Regular的四倍。Sulfix的流率对温度最为敏感；在18.3摄氏度时，其流动特性与LVC相似，在23.3摄氏度时，其表现更类似于Simplex和Zimmer Regular。所有骨水泥在压力仅略有增加的情况下，流率都有显著的相对增加；Sulfix对压力最为敏感。Zimmer、LVC和Sulfix的凝固时间几乎相同，平均范围从11分钟（在18.3摄氏度时）到7.5分钟（在23.3摄氏度时）。Simplex的凝固时间长得多，平均为15.8分钟（在18.3摄氏度时）和9.4分钟（在23.3摄氏度时）。尽管Simplex的凝固时间对温度最为敏感（几乎是其他三种骨水泥测量值的两倍），但其流率对温度的敏感性并非最高。
