Chen C T, Toung T J, Haupt H M, Hutchins G M, Cameron J L
Anesth Analg. 1984 Mar;63(3):325-9.
A commercially available antacid, a mixture of sodium and potassium bicarbonates and citric acid (Alka-Seltzer Effervescent), was evaluated experimentally and clinically for its efficacy in neutralizing 0.1 N HCl and gastric contents. In an in vitro titration study, Alka-Seltzer Effervescent buffered 5-30 times the volume of HCl with a pH between 1.0 and 2.0 to above a pH of 2.5. In an isolated canine pulmonary lobe model, aspiration of the antacid or acid-antacid mixture caused only a mild increase in lobe weight and did not increase intrapulmonary shunting. In the clinical study, when the antacid was given 5-40 min before administration of general anesthesia in a group of patients for emergency surgery, the pH of the gastric contents in each patient was increased to above 4.0. This contrasts with the control group of patients, which showed 50% (P less than 0.05) of the patients were at risk when no antacid was administered. Preoperative administration of Alka-Seltzer effectively increases the pH of the gastric contents in patients undergoing emergency surgery.
一种市售抗酸剂，即碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾与柠檬酸的混合物（泡腾阿耳卡-塞尔策），对其中和0.1N盐酸及胃内容物的功效进行了实验和临床评估。在一项体外滴定研究中，泡腾阿耳卡-塞尔策将pH值在1.0至2.0之间的盐酸体积缓冲了5至30倍，使其pH值高于2.5。在一个离体犬肺叶模型中，吸入抗酸剂或酸-抗酸剂混合物仅使肺叶重量轻度增加，并未增加肺内分流。在临床研究中，一组急诊手术患者在全身麻醉给药前5至40分钟服用抗酸剂后，每位患者胃内容物的pH值均升高至4.0以上。这与未服用抗酸剂的对照组患者形成对比，该对照组有50%（P<0.05）的患者存在风险。术前服用泡腾阿耳卡-塞尔策能有效提高急诊手术患者胃内容物的pH值。
