Fiddian N J, King R J
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984 May(185):228-36.
Twenty-five patients with 23 different types of winging of the scapula are described. A simple clinical and etiologic classification of the winged scapula is proposed based on the study of these patients in conjunction with a review of the literature. Winging of the scapula is either static or dynamic. Static winging is due to fixed deformity in the shoulder girdle, spine, or ribs. Dynamic winging is due to a neuromuscular disorder. The great variety of lesions that produce winging of the scapula may be classified anatomically into four types: Type I, nerve; Type II, muscle; Type III, bone; and Type IV, joint. Winging of the scapula is a surprisingly common physical sign, but because it is often asymptomatic it receives little attention. However, symptoms of pain, weakness, or cosmetic deformity may demand attention, and it is hoped that this classification will help in the diagnosis and assessment of these patients.
本文描述了25例患有23种不同类型肩胛翼状畸形的患者。基于对这些患者的研究并结合文献回顾，提出了一种简单的肩胛翼状畸形临床及病因分类方法。肩胛翼状畸形可分为静态或动态两种。静态肩胛翼状畸形是由于肩胛带、脊柱或肋骨的固定畸形所致。动态肩胛翼状畸形是由神经肌肉疾病引起的。导致肩胛翼状畸形的多种病变在解剖学上可分为四类：I型，神经；II型，肌肉；III型，骨骼；IV型，关节。肩胛翼状畸形是一种颇为常见的体征，但因其常无症状而很少受到关注。然而，疼痛、无力或外观畸形等症状可能需要引起重视，希望这种分类有助于对这些患者进行诊断和评估。
