Thorland W G, Johnson G O, Tharp G D, Fagot T G, Hammer R W
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1984;16(1):77-81.
One hundred forty-one adolescent male (age: X +/- SD = 17.43 +/- 0.96 yr) and 133 adolescent female (16.51 +/- 1.39 yr) athletes were studied to determine the validity of available anthropometric equations for estimating body density (BD). Anthropometric measures were taken of eight skinfolds, nine circumferences, and four diameters. Body density, determined by underwater weighing (corrected for residual lung volume), was 1.080 +/- 0.010 g X ml-1 for the males and 1.066 +/- 0.010 g X ml-1 for the females. Cross-validation of 17 selected equations on the males revealed validity coefficients ranging from R2 = 0.29-0.67 and total-error scores ranging from 0.0062-0.0277 g X ml-1. Among the females, cross-validation of 15 selected equations revealed validity coefficients ranging from R2 = 0.31-0.67 and total-error scores ranging from 0.0064-0.0214 g X ml-1. While equations of either linear or quadratic form demonstrated acceptable accuracy in the estimation of male BD values, only quadratic equations displayed similar levels of accuracy among the females. Based on these results, as well as consideration of characteristics related to inter-tester error and the variance of predicted scores, the quadratic equations of Jackson and Pollock, Lohman, and Pollock et al., as well as the linear equation of Forsyth and Sinning, were found to be particularly appropriate for the estimation of BD in adolescent athletes.
对141名青春期男性运动员（年龄：X±标准差 = 17.43±0.96岁）和133名青春期女性运动员（16.51±1.39岁）进行了研究，以确定现有用于估算身体密度（BD）的人体测量方程的有效性。测量了8个皮褶厚度、9个周长和4个直径的人体测量指标。通过水下称重法（校正残气量）测定的身体密度，男性为1.080±0.010 g·ml⁻¹，女性为1.066±0.010 g·ml⁻¹。对17个选定方程在男性中的交叉验证显示，有效性系数范围为R² = 0.29 - 0.67，总误差分数范围为0.0062 - 0.0277 g·ml⁻¹。在女性中，对15个选定方程的交叉验证显示，有效性系数范围为R² = 0.31 - 0.67，总误差分数范围为0.0064 - 0.0214 g·ml⁻¹。虽然线性或二次形式的方程在估算男性BD值时显示出可接受的准确性，但在女性中只有二次方程显示出类似的准确性水平。基于这些结果，以及考虑到与测试者间误差和预测分数方差相关的特征，发现Jackson和Pollock、Lohman以及Pollock等人的二次方程，以及Forsyth和Sinning的线性方程特别适合用于估算青少年运动员的BD。
