Ekholm J, Nisell R, Arborelius U P, Hammerberg C, Németh G
Scand J Rehabil Med. 1984;16(1):1-9.
The load on the knee joints during lifting has been less studied than low back load. Healthy subjects lifted a 12.8-kg box from floor to table-level in three different ways; 1) with straight knees, 2) with bent knees and the box in front of the knees, and 3) with bent knees and the box between the knees. The loading moment of force about the bilateral knee axis was calculated by means of a computerized static sagittal plane model. Electromyography was recorded from quadriceps and ischiocrural muscles. The beginning of the flexed-knee lifts caused a flexing loading knee moment of about 50 Nm and a knee angle of 90 degrees. Straight-knee lifts gave all through the lift an extending loading moment. During the final phase of all lifts there was an extending loading knee moment of about 55 Nm and a knee angle of 0 degrees. The three lifts were compared and discussed from a biomechanical and ergonomical point of view.
与下背部负荷相比，人们对提举过程中膝关节所承受的负荷研究较少。健康受试者用三种不同方式将一个12.8千克的箱子从地面举到桌面高度：1）直膝举；2）屈膝且箱子位于膝盖前方举；3）屈膝且箱子位于两膝之间举。借助计算机化的静态矢状面模型计算双侧膝关节轴周围的加载力矩。记录股四头肌和坐骨神经支配肌肉的肌电图。屈膝举开始时会产生约50牛米的屈膝加载力矩和90度的膝关节角度。直膝举在整个举的过程中产生伸展加载力矩。在所有举的最后阶段，会产生约55牛米的伸展加载力矩和0度的膝关节角度。从生物力学和人体工程学角度对这三种举法进行了比较和讨论。
