Weidmann P
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1984 Feb 25;114(8):246-60.
The practicing physician commonly encounters patients with hypotensive disturbances of orthostatic blood pressure regulation. These include the functional orthostatic syndrome as well as the true forms of orthostatic hypotension due to hypovolemia, certain cardiac, pulmonary or endocrine diseases, or (particularly in the elderly) autonomic dysfunction of varying etiology. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms are also many and varied, while various drugs may play a causative or contributory role. Careful evaluation and treatment with general measures and, if indicated, pharmacologic agents may (even in the presence of severe neurogenic orthostatic hypotension) often lead to marked improvement in blood pressure and in quality of life.
执业医师经常会遇到体位性血压调节出现低血压紊乱的患者。这些情况包括功能性体位综合征以及因血容量不足、某些心脏、肺部或内分泌疾病导致的真性体位性低血压,或者(尤其是在老年人中)病因各异的自主神经功能障碍。可能的发病机制也多种多样,同时各种药物可能起到致病或促发作用。通过一般措施进行仔细评估和治疗,如果有指征,使用药物治疗(即使存在严重的神经源性体位性低血压)往往可使血压和生活质量显著改善。