Wolinsky F D, Coe R M
J Gerontol. 1984 May;39(3):334-41. doi: 10.1093/geronj/39.3.334.
Data on 15,899 noninstitutionalized, elderly adults taken from the 1978 Health Interview Survey were used to assess the effects of the predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics on the volume of physician and hospital utilization. These were measured three ways: the actual number of visits (nights), and truncated and logarithmic transformations of that actual volume. Multiple regression analyses explain 3.9% to 21.3% of the variance in physician utilization and 5.1% to 9.4% of the variance in hospital utilization. The unique contributions of the need characteristics account for 56.8% to 66.7% of the variance explained in physician utilization and 74.5% to 77.7% of the variance explained in hospital utilization, suggesting an apparently equitable system is operative in elderly adults' use of health services. The effects of the three methods of coding physician and hospital utilization on the significance of the regression coefficients and the magnitude of the R2 values were examined and their implications are discussed.
取自1978年健康访谈调查的15899名非机构化老年人的数据，被用于评估 predisposing、enabling和需求特征对医生诊疗量和住院量的影响。这些数据通过三种方式进行衡量：实际就诊次数（夜间就诊次数），以及该实际诊疗量的截尾变换和对数变换。多元回归分析解释了医生诊疗量方差的3.9%至21.3%，以及住院量方差的5.1%至9.4%。需求特征的独特贡献分别占医生诊疗量所解释方差的56.8%至66.7%，以及住院量所解释方差的74.5%至77.7%，这表明在老年人使用卫生服务方面，一个明显公平的系统在发挥作用。研究了对医生诊疗量和住院量进行编码的三种方法对回归系数显著性和R2值大小的影响，并讨论了其含义。
