Recurrent pericardial effusion: an unusual complication of epicardial pacemaker placement.

A pericardial effusion developed in a patient after placement of an epicardial pacemaker electrode. She was treated by a vigorous regimen combined with pericardiocentesis. The effusion reaccumulated relentlessly, ultimately requiring pericardiectomy for control. The finding of recalcitrant pericardial effusion complicating epicardial pacemaker placement merits consideration of early pericardiectomy.