Eichhorn F, Thon W, Altwein J E
Urol Int. 1984;39(2):105-9. doi: 10.1159/000280955.
Neuropathic bladder is on number six in a list of predisposing factors for bladder cancer. The incidence is reported to be between 0.25 and 9.7%. For these patients mortality is about twenty times higher than in patients with normal bladder function. Chronic infection of the urinary tract and long-term indwelling catheter increase the risk of cancer. Pure squamous cell and squamous cell carcinoma with elements of transitional cell carcinoma is noticed to be surprisingly frequent. In comparison, carcinoma in defunctionalized bladder is rare. For prophylaxis, instead of using a long-term catheter, intermittent catheterization is supposed to be applied as well as consequent cystoscopic examination once a year and 'mapping' of a neuropathic bladder which exists longer than 10 years.
神经源性膀胱在膀胱癌的诱发因素列表中位列第六。据报道，其发病率在0.25%至9.7%之间。这些患者的死亡率约为膀胱功能正常患者的20倍。慢性尿路感染和长期留置导尿管会增加患癌风险。纯鳞状细胞癌以及伴有移行细胞癌成分的鳞状细胞癌的发生率高得惊人。相比之下，功能失调性膀胱中的癌症则较为罕见。在预防方面，应采用间歇性导尿而非长期留置导尿管，并每年进行一次后续膀胱镜检查，对存在超过10年的神经源性膀胱进行“绘图”。
