Rosen R J, Roven S J
Urology. 1984 May;23(5 Spec No):54-8. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(84)90242-5.
Percutaneous drainage has rapidly become the initial procedure of choice in the treatment of most intra-abdominal abscesses. The retroperitoneal location of the urinary tract facilitates a percutaneous approach and has been found to be highly effective, with surgical intervention required in a minority of cases. Noninfected fluid collections, particularly those related to ureteral or renal pelvic injuries, may also be managed nonsurgically using percutaneous techniques, such as nephrostomy and antegrade stenting.
经皮引流已迅速成为治疗大多数腹腔内脓肿的首选初始方法。尿路的腹膜后位置便于采用经皮途径，且已发现这种方法非常有效，少数情况下才需要手术干预。未感染的液体积聚，特别是那些与输尿管或肾盂损伤相关的液体积聚，也可使用经皮技术（如肾造瘘术和顺行支架置入术）进行非手术治疗。
