Hopkirk J A
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1984 May;55(5):419-21.
Asthma is often incompatible with flying and it is important that the natural history of the disorder is understood in relation to both pretraining enrollment and inservice fitness checks. Studies of childhood asthma with prolonged follow-up have shown that as many as 70% experience some asthmatic symptoms in later life. Of asymptomatic adults with a history of childhood asthma, 60% have evidence of bronchial lability and therefore an ongoing asthmatic tendency. Asthma developing in adulthood may be intermittent or continuous, with a poorer prognosis. A history of childhood asthma should be disqualifying for entry into pilot training. If asthma develops after training, persistent asthma, intermittent asthma with frequent or severe attacks, and asthma requiring regular beta-agonist, theophylline or corticosteroid inhaler treatment should all preclude aircrew from further flying.
哮喘通常与飞行不相容，了解该疾病的自然史对于飞行前招募和在职健康检查都很重要。对儿童哮喘进行长期随访的研究表明，多达70%的患者在以后的生活中会出现一些哮喘症状。有儿童哮喘病史的无症状成年人中，60%有支气管易激惹的证据，因此存在持续的哮喘倾向。成年后发生的哮喘可能是间歇性的或持续性的，预后较差。有儿童哮喘病史应取消进入飞行员训练的资格。如果在训练后出现哮喘、持续性哮喘、发作频繁或严重的间歇性哮喘以及需要定期使用β-激动剂、茶碱或皮质类固醇吸入器治疗的哮喘，所有这些情况都应使机组人员不再适合继续飞行。
