The pathologist as a consultant in cancer patient management: a patterns of care study in pathology.

The Committee on the Pathologist as a Consultant in Cancer Patient Management, a committee of the Cancer Committee of the College of American Pathologists, was formed in response to the demands made on pathologists by other medical specialists to function as consultants. The Committee on the Pathologist as a Consultant in Cancer Patient Management has evolved from the Patterns of Care Steering Committee (1979) which in turn was spawned by the Patterns of Care Study initiated by The American College of Radiology (ACR) in 1973. The objective of the ACR was to improve the quality of care by establishing guidelines for the best current management in radiation oncology through a consensus by peers. Pathology is concerned with establishing a diagnosis, providing a rationale for treatment, estimating prognosis, and evaluating outcome. Consequently, the CAP Patterns of Care Study assumed a different form from that of the ACR, adapting itself to the role of the pathologist as a consultant. Its objective, however, remained the same - to improve the quality of care by providing quality assurance of pathology reports dealing with cancer patients. Three task forces, one for each site, have been established. Each is composed of pathologists and other medical specialists from small and large community hospitals, universities, and private office practice. The primary function of each task force is to develop guidelines for data to be included in routine pathology consultation reports. These guidelines include parameters that document adequate examination of the specimen, and those essential elements which can be used to guide selection of therapy, estimate prognosis, and evaluate outcome, such as the pathologic factors required for staging. Data to help establish these guidelines have been obtained in consultation with medical specialists who are members of the task forces, as well as from the medical literature. This entire process will be discussed. Currently there is great concern about improving the quality of medical care, particularly in a cost effective manner. Assuring the quality of consultation reports is yet another way in which pathology can contribute.