Mortola J P
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Jun;56(6):1533-40. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1984.56.6.1533.
Newborn mammals have a high O2 consumption (per unit body weight), which implies a high ventilation. The choice between an increase in volume, frequency, or both is probably dictated by energetic factors, including the likelihood of chest distortion with large inspirations. Data on ventilatory pattern of unanesthetized newborns of eight mammalian species, ranging in size from mice to infants, have been collected. Minute ventilation was linked to the O2 consumption and increased progressively less with the body weight of the species (BW0.86) due to a drop in frequency with size (BW-0.15), whereas tidal volume varied in proportion with body weight (BW1.01). Mean inspiratory flow per unit body weight was more than twice as large in newborn mice and rats than in piglets or infants, whereas the inspiratory time-to-total breath duration ratio was approximately constant among species, averaging 37%. During expiration occasional interruptions of the flow were observed in most newborns; measurements of esophageal pressure and diaphragmatic electromyogram pointed toward upper airways closure and not active breath holding as the explanation of this phenomenon.
新生哺乳动物具有较高的氧气消耗量（每单位体重），这意味着较高的通气量。在增加通气量、呼吸频率或两者兼而有之之间做出选择，可能取决于能量因素，包括大吸气时胸部变形的可能性。已经收集了八种哺乳动物（从小鼠到婴儿）未麻醉新生动物的通气模式数据。分钟通气量与氧气消耗量相关，并且由于频率随体型下降（体重指数为-0.15），其随物种体重增加的幅度逐渐减小（体重指数为0.86），而潮气量与体重成比例变化（体重指数为1.01）。新生小鼠和大鼠每单位体重的平均吸气流量比仔猪或婴儿大两倍多，而吸气时间与总呼吸持续时间的比率在不同物种之间大致恒定，平均为37%。在大多数新生儿呼气期间，偶尔会观察到气流中断；食管压力和膈肌肌电图测量结果表明，这种现象的解释是上呼吸道关闭，而非主动屏气。
