Electrophysiological identification of neurons in ventrolateral medulla sending collateral axons to paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei in the cat.

Experiments were done in chloralosed, paralyzed and artificially ventilated cats to identify single units in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) that send collateral axons directly to the region of the paraventricular (PVH) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei, and responding to peripheral inputs carrying cardiovascular afferent information. Twenty-six single units were antidromically activated in the VLM to stimulation of both the PVH and SON, and in each case the antidromic potential evoked by stimulation of one site was cancelled by stimulation of the other site. These units responded with latencies corresponding to conduction velocities of 5.1 +/- 0.4 m/s. Of these 26 units, 10 responded orthodromically to stimulation of either the carotid sinus or aortic depressor nerves. These data have demonstrated the existence of VLM neurons which send collateral axons to the PVH and SON and have provided evidence for their role in mediating cardiovascular afferent information directly to hypothalamic regions involved in autonomic and neuroendocrine regulation.