Skalak T C, Schmid-Schönbein G W, Zweifach B W
Microvasc Res. 1984 Jul;28(1):95-112. doi: 10.1016/0026-2862(84)90032-3.
A new mechanism of lymph formation associated with pulsation and vasomotion of arterioles is proposed in skeletal muscle. To provide evidence for this proposal, an investigation of the lymphatic vessels in the spinotrapezius muscle of the rat was undertaken. The lymphatics were visualized by microinjection of a contrast medium (Evans blue albumin), and histological sections of the muscle were prepared and examined with the light and the electron microscope. The studies indicated that lymphatics ranging in size from 20 to 200 micron in this skeletal muscle have no smooth muscle but only a thin lining of endothelium. All lymphatics lie in immediate proximity to the arcading and transverse arterioles and occasional muscular venules, and appeared to be wrapped around them. It was further observed that when the arterioles were dilated, the contiguous lymphatics were partially or completely collapsed, whereas lymphatics around contracted arterioles were wide open. No significant deformation of the adjacent skeletal muscle cells was observed. These results suggest that the contraction of vascular smooth muscle, as well as pulsatile elastic distension of arterioles, may cause periodic changes in lymphatic volume and thereby serve as peristaltic mechanisms for lymph transport. Vascular smooth muscle may thus influence not only blood flow in the microcirculation, but also water transport in the interstitium and into the lymphatics.
在骨骼肌中提出了一种与小动脉搏动和血管运动相关的淋巴形成新机制。为了为这一观点提供证据，对大鼠斜方肌中的淋巴管进行了研究。通过微注射造影剂（伊文思蓝白蛋白）使淋巴管可视化，制备肌肉组织切片并使用光学显微镜和电子显微镜进行检查。研究表明，该骨骼肌中直径在20至200微米之间的淋巴管没有平滑肌，只有一层薄薄的内皮衬里。所有淋巴管都紧邻弓形和横行小动脉以及偶尔的肌性小静脉，并且似乎环绕着它们。进一步观察到，当小动脉扩张时，相邻的淋巴管部分或完全塌陷，而收缩小动脉周围的淋巴管则完全开放。未观察到相邻骨骼肌细胞有明显变形。这些结果表明，血管平滑肌的收缩以及小动脉的搏动性弹性扩张，可能导致淋巴体积的周期性变化，从而作为淋巴运输的蠕动机制。因此，血管平滑肌不仅可能影响微循环中的血流，还可能影响间质中以及进入淋巴管的水运输。
