Cambier J
Rev Neurol (Paris). 1982;138(12):979-88.
The description of the thalamic syndrome by J. Dejerine and G. Roussy in 1906 was a consecration of the clinicopathologic method, announcing the end of discussions relative to the role of the thalamus as a sensorial relay center, discussions opposing B. Luys to Türk and to Charcot and which animated the end of the 19th century. Since then, the thalamic syndrome has not ceased to arouse the attention of neurologists, who have developed four major themes: the specificity of the thalamic hemianesthesia; the mechanism of the central pain; the semiologic value and physiopathology of the abnormal movements; and finally the pupillary and vasomotor disorders. Exploration of each of these topics led to a definition of neurologic semiology and to the development of neurophysiology during the second half of the XXth century. By reviewing this the confrontation between different men and schools appears behind the opposition of ideas. The revision of the thalamic syndrome ceased when the discovery of the non-specific functions of the thalamus opened the way to new concepts. Dejerine-Roussy's syndrome expresses the semiology of the relay nuclei. For the last thirty years, experience has accumulated on the semiology of lesions affecting the nuclei of convergence. Neuropsychology of thalamic lesions has demonstrated the regulatory role performed by the thalamus within each hemisphere and in the relative activation of each hemisphere. But this is another story.
1906年，J. 德热里纳和G. 鲁西对丘脑综合征的描述是临床病理方法的一次神圣化，宣告了关于丘脑作为感觉中继中心作用的讨论的结束，这种讨论曾使19世纪末B. 吕伊斯与蒂尔克以及与夏科对立，并引发了热烈讨论。从那时起，丘脑综合征一直引起神经学家的关注，他们形成了四个主要主题：丘脑性偏身感觉缺失的特异性；中枢性疼痛的机制；异常运动的症状学价值和病理生理学；以及最后瞳孔和血管舒缩障碍。对这些主题的每一项探索都促成了神经学症状学的定义以及20世纪下半叶神经生理学的发展。通过回顾这段历史，不同人物和学派之间的对抗在观点的对立背后显现出来。当丘脑非特异性功能的发现为新观念开辟道路时，对丘脑综合征的修正停止了。德热里纳 - 鲁西综合征表达了中继核的症状学。在过去三十年里，关于影响会聚核病变的症状学积累了经验。丘脑病变的神经心理学已经证明了丘脑在每个半球内以及在每个半球相对激活中所起的调节作用。但这是另一个故事了。
