Miles D S, Wagner J A, Horvath S M, Reyburn J A
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1980 May;51(5):439-44.
Six young women performed an incremental bicycle work test at sea level barometric pressure (PB = 758 torr) and during acute exposure (1 h) to simulated altitudes of PB 586 and 523 torr. Submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2) for a given workload was independent of altitude but maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) decreased 10 and 13%, respectively, at the higher altitudes. Although heart rate (fC) was consistently higher at altitude for a given VO2, the slope of fC vs, VO2 was independent of altitude and VO2 max. Exercise fC appeared to be a function of the relative workload i.e. VO2 as a percentage of VO2 max measured at each PB. Carbon dioxide (CO2) elimination increased with altitude for a given VO2 but also was a function of the relative workload. Pulmonary ventilation (BTPS), however, was consistently 10-15% higher at altitude when expressed as a percent of VO2 max, primarily due to an increase in respiratory rate. Compared to published studies on males, this increased ventilation may impart a slight advantage to women in maintaining arterial oxygenation, but ventilatory reserve may be decreased and limited at higher altitudes. At altitudes down to PB 523 torr, the control of fC responses and decrements in maximal oxygen uptake in women were similar to males, but ventilatory control mechanisms differed.
六名年轻女性在海平面气压（PB = 758托）下以及急性暴露于模拟海拔高度PB 586托和523托的环境中（持续1小时）进行了递增式自行车运动测试。给定工作量下的次最大摄氧量（VO2）与海拔高度无关，但在较高海拔时，最大摄氧量（VO2 max）分别下降了10%和13%。尽管在给定VO2时，海拔高度下的心率（fC）始终较高，但fC与VO2的斜率与海拔高度和VO2 max无关。运动时的fC似乎是相对工作量的函数，即VO2占每个PB下测得的VO2 max的百分比。对于给定的VO2，二氧化碳（CO2）排出量随海拔高度增加，但也是相对工作量的函数。然而，以VO2 max的百分比表示时，海拔高度下的肺通气量（BTPS）始终高出10 - 15%，这主要是由于呼吸频率增加所致。与已发表的关于男性的研究相比，这种增加的通气量可能会使女性在维持动脉氧合方面略有优势，但在较高海拔时通气储备可能会降低且受限。在低至PB 523托的海拔高度下，女性的fC反应控制和最大摄氧量的下降与男性相似，但通气控制机制有所不同。
