Morales A
Can Med Assoc J. 1980 May 24;122(10):1133-8.
Most patients with bladder cancer initially present with localized, potentially curable tumours. Endoscopic surgery offers the best opportunity to eliminate these early lesions, but the rate of tumour recurrence after adequate resection is high (around 70%). Conventional methods of treatment have a place in the management of early bladder neoplasms, but their success rate is still unsatisfactory and they frequently fail to decrease the risk of recurrence. New drugs and more effective forms of administration have enhanced the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Fundamentally different approaches, such as specific immunotherapy, the use of laser energy and photodynamic therapy, are emerging as valuable approaches in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer and the prevention of recurrence. Randomized trials to assess their value and a concerted multidisciplinary effort with combined treatment give hope for effective control of early bladder cancer.
大多数膀胱癌患者最初表现为局限性、有可能治愈的肿瘤。内镜手术为消除这些早期病变提供了最佳机会，但充分切除后肿瘤复发率很高（约70%）。传统治疗方法在早期膀胱肿瘤的管理中占有一席之地，但其成功率仍不尽人意，且常常无法降低复发风险。新药和更有效的给药方式增加了化疗药物的使用。诸如特异性免疫疗法、激光能量的应用和光动力疗法等截然不同的方法，正成为治疗浅表性膀胱癌和预防复发的有价值方法。评估其价值的随机试验以及联合治疗的多学科协同努力为有效控制早期膀胱癌带来了希望。
