Johnson M L, Dunne M G, Mack L A, Rashbaum C L
J Clin Ultrasound. 1980 Aug;8(4):311-8. doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870080405.
Improvements in ultrasound technology have now made possible detailed visualization of fetal intracranial anatomy. Structures such as the midbrain, thalami, and lateral ventricles can be routinely imaged. Measurements of the ratio between lateral ventricular width and cerebral hemispheric width demonstrate a steady decrease from a mean of 56% at 15 wk gestation to 28% at term reflecting the relatively more rapid growth of the cerebral hemispheres as compared with the cerebral ventricles. Application of this new ultrasound data greatly facilitates accurate and consistent biparietal diameter estimations and early diagnosis of fetal hydrocephalus and other fetal cranial anomalies. This article describes the axial fetal cranial anatomy as demonstrated sonically and includes a table for normal fetal ventricular size at various gestational ages, based on evaluation of 196 normal fetuses. Some of the more common fetal cranial anomalies amenable to ultrasound diagnosis in utero are discussed.
超声技术的进步现已使详细观察胎儿颅内解剖结构成为可能。诸如中脑、丘脑和侧脑室等结构能够常规成像。侧脑室宽度与大脑半球宽度之比的测量结果显示，从妊娠15周时的平均56%稳步下降至足月时的28%，这反映出与脑室相比，大脑半球的生长相对更快。这些新的超声数据的应用极大地有助于准确且一致地估计双顶径，并早期诊断胎儿脑积水及其他胎儿颅骨异常。本文描述了通过超声显示的胎儿颅骨轴向解剖结构，并基于对196例正常胎儿的评估，给出了不同孕周正常胎儿脑室大小的表格。还讨论了一些更常见的可在子宫内通过超声诊断的胎儿颅骨异常情况。
