Bohlen H G, Henrich H, Gore R W, Johnson P C
Am J Physiol. 1978 Jul;235(1):H40-5. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1978.235.1.H40.
The effect of direct sympathetic stimulation on intestinal muscle and submucosal-mucosal vasculatures was studied in the anesthetized rat. Blood flow was calculated from direct measurements of vessel diameter and red cell velocity. Stimulation at 4 Hz caused a slight reduction (4%) in muscle flow, but had no measurable effect on submucosal-mucosal flow; stimulation at 8 and 16 Hz caused muscle flow to decrease to 58.3 +/- 8.7% (SE) and 31 +/- 5.1%, respectively, of control flow, and mucosal flow, to 73 +/- 3.4% and 54.1 +/- 1.2%, respectively, of control flow. Calculations of muscle and mucosal vascular resistances from flows and microvascular pressures indicate that muscle resistance increased proportionately more than mucosal resistance at 4 and 8 Hz. However, during stimulation at 16 Hz, the mucosal resistance is only 55% of control, and muscle resistance is not significantly (P less than 0.05) different from control. Therefore, reduction of muscle and mucosal flows during 16-Hz stimulation must be caused by the intestinal arterioles and venules in series with these vasculatures.
在麻醉大鼠中研究了直接交感神经刺激对肠肌层和黏膜下 - 黏膜血管系统的影响。通过直接测量血管直径和红细胞速度来计算血流量。4Hz刺激使肌层血流量略有减少（4%），但对黏膜下 - 黏膜血流量无明显影响；8Hz和16Hz刺激使肌层血流量分别降至对照血流量的58.3±8.7%（标准误）和31±5.1%，黏膜血流量分别降至对照血流量的73±3.4%和54.1±1.2%。根据血流量和微血管压力计算肌层和黏膜血管阻力表明，在4Hz和8Hz时，肌层阻力的增加比例大于黏膜阻力。然而，在16Hz刺激期间，黏膜阻力仅为对照的55%，肌层阻力与对照无显著差异（P＜0.05）。因此，16Hz刺激期间肌层和黏膜血流量的减少必定是由与这些血管系统串联的肠小动脉和小静脉引起的。
