Caniano D A, Nugent S K, Rogers M C, Haller J A
J Pediatr Surg. 1980 Aug;15(4):537-42. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(80)80769-x.
Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an important adjunct in the management of the severely injured child with major head trauma. From a series of 18 patients with multiple trauma, smoke inhalation, and near-drowning, we report an illustrative case of head injury and pulmonary aspiration in which ICP monitoring was vital to appropriate therapy. The two most common techniques of ICP monitoring, the intraventricular catheter and the subarachnoid bolt, are described. Treatment of intracranial hypertension is discussed based on physiological principles. The continuous, objective recording of ICP assumes particular importance when therapy directed at other injured organ systems (ie, institution of positive end-expiratory pressure) could adversely affect the ICP. It is suggested that optimal care of children with multiple trauma and head injury include early ICP monitoring.
颅内压（ICP）监测是重度颅脑外伤患儿治疗中的一项重要辅助手段。在一组18例多发伤、烟雾吸入伤和近乎溺水的患者中，我们报告了一例头部损伤和肺误吸的典型病例，其中ICP监测对恰当治疗至关重要。文中描述了两种最常用的ICP监测技术，即脑室内导管法和蛛网膜下腔螺栓法。基于生理学原理讨论了颅内高压的治疗方法。当针对其他受损器官系统的治疗（如采用呼气末正压通气）可能对ICP产生不利影响时，持续、客观地记录ICP显得尤为重要。建议对多发伤和头部损伤患儿的最佳治疗应包括早期ICP监测。
