Romanov G I
Arch Exp Veterinarmed. 1980;34(1):119-22.
Reported in this paper are the preparation, testing and application of two live vaccines against anthrax in the USSR. They were STI live vaccine in liquid and lyophilised forms and GHKI live vaccine in lyophilised form. Official tests for purity were conducted, using growth factors of cultures, whereas harmlessness was tested on rabbit and effectiveness on guinea-pig and later on sheep, after some five years had elapsed. Quantitative methods by which to test the effectiveness of VGNKI are now being prepared. Immunisation for prophylaxis or emergency are undertaken, depending on epizootiological situations. Major importance is ascribed to keeping, feeding, general nutrition and performance, latent infections, and meteorological factors which can all be of impact on immunogenicity and postvaccinal complications. Anthrax has been eliminated in the USSR, with only few sporadic outbreaks left, owing to immunisation and complementary action in veterinary hygiene.
本文报道了苏联两种炭疽活疫苗的制备、测试及应用情况。它们分别是液体和冻干形式的STI活疫苗以及冻干形式的GHKI活疫苗。使用培养物的生长因子进行了官方纯度检测，而无害性则在兔子身上进行了测试，有效性在豚鼠身上进行了测试，五年后又在绵羊身上进行了测试。目前正在准备用于测试VGNKI有效性的定量方法。根据动物流行病学情况进行预防或应急免疫接种。饲养、喂养、一般营养状况、性能、潜伏感染以及气象因素都被认为至关重要，因为它们都会对免疫原性和疫苗接种后并发症产生影响。由于免疫接种以及兽医卫生方面的补充措施，苏联已消灭了炭疽，仅剩下少数零星疫情。
