[Structure and function of the external part of the articular cartilage].

The data on electron microscopic studies of the main structural elements of the superficial layer of the articular cartilage are represented. The articular cartilage of the femoral lead in young rabbits has been studied. The articular cartilage has no ideal smooth surface but three are some pressings of different sizes. The most superficial cartilage layer--cell-free zone--consists of collagene fibers and hyaluronic fibrils which are closely connected with the ground substance of the cartilage. Superficial chondrocytes are mature, differentiated but functionally weakly active cells. Under normal conditions, destruction (obliteration) of the cell-free zone and desquamation of superficial cells are impossible.