Teramoto S, Kaneda M, Aoyama H, Shirasu Y
Teratology. 1981 Jun;23(3):335-42. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420230308.
Eleven urea compounds were administered individually as a single oral dose to rats either on day 12 or 14 and to mice on day 10 of pregnancy. 1-Methylurea and 1-ethylurea were not teratogenic in either of the animal species. Administration of 1-methylthiourea and 1-ethylthiourea, however, resulted in high incidences of malformations in the rat but not in the mouse fetuses. The types of malformation were similar to those produced by the known teratogen ethylenethiourea. Methylated ureas such as 1,3-dimethylurea, 1,3-dimethylthiourea, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea, and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylthiourea were fetotoxic and produced malformations in the tail, palate, or extremities of the surviving rat and/or mouse fetuses. These findings suggest that the teratogenic properties of N-alkylureas can be categorized into two groups, i.e., mono-alkylated thioureas and methylated ureas or thioureas.
在妊娠第12天或14天给大鼠以及妊娠第10天给小鼠分别单独口服11种尿素化合物。1-甲基脲和1-乙基脲在这两种动物中均无致畸性。然而，给予1-甲基硫脲和1-乙基硫脲会导致大鼠胎儿出现高畸形率，但对小鼠胎儿无此影响。畸形类型与已知致畸剂乙撑硫脲所产生的相似。甲基化尿素，如1,3-二甲基脲、1,3-二甲基硫脲、1,1,3,3-四甲基脲和1,1,3,3-四甲基硫脲具有胚胎毒性，并在存活的大鼠和/或小鼠胎儿的尾巴、腭或四肢产生畸形。这些发现表明，N-烷基脲的致畸特性可分为两类，即单烷基化硫脲和甲基化尿素或硫脲。
