Randall D J, Cameron J N, Daxboeck C, Smatresk N
Respir Physiol. 1981 Mar;43(3):339-48. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(81)90114-6.
The bowfin, Amia calva is a facultative air breathing fish which uses its respiratory swimbladder to augment oxygen uptake in normoxia at 30 degrees C. It does not die however, when denied access to the surface at this temperature. The bladder RQ is 0.21 while the gill RQ is 1.61 and thus most of the CO2 is excreted into the water across the gills. In aquatic hypoxia some of the oxygen taken up via the swimbladder is lost to the water across the gills. However CO2 excretion across the gills is maintained at the same rate as that found in normoxia.
弓鳍鱼，即雀鳝，是一种兼性空气呼吸鱼类，在30摄氏度的常氧环境中，它利用呼吸鳔来增加氧气摄取。然而，在这个温度下，如果无法到达水面，它也不会死亡。鳔的呼吸商为0.21，而鳃的呼吸商为1.61，因此大部分二氧化碳通过鳃排放到水中。在水生低氧环境中，通过鳔摄取的一些氧气会通过鳃散失到水中。然而，通过鳃排出二氧化碳的速率与常氧环境中的速率保持相同。
