Rodman T C, Pruslin F H, Hoffmann H P, Allfrey V G
J Cell Biol. 1981 Aug;90(2):351-61. doi: 10.1083/jcb.90.2.351.
The chromosomal complements of mouse oocytes, ova, and fertilizing sperm have been studied by immunofluorescence with specific antisera to the basic protein fraction of sperm nuclei and to histones H2b and H4, and by staining with ethidium bromide. These studies support the hypothesis, previously proposed (Rodman and Barth, 1979, Dev. Biol. 68:82-95), that the chromosomes of the oocyte in maturation incorporate unique basic protein(s) similar to those incorporated during spermiogenesis. That similarity is characterized, here, by immunologic cross-reactivity. The basic proteins of the fertilizing sperm nucleus and the cross-reactive moiety of the two haploid complements of the ovum are displaced simultaneously, shortly after sperm entry. However, because the unique basic proteins incorporated into the oocyte chromosomes do not, as in the spermatogenic sequence, entirely replace the histones, the maternal chromosomes display histones H2b and H4 at all postfertilization stages examined, whereas the decondensing paternal complement, for an interval before maturation of the pronuclei, contains neither sperm basic chromosomal proteins nor histones. Sequential staining of the same specimens with ethidium bromide revealed well-organized nuclear morphology of the residual DNA complex. Those observations suggest that, for an as yet undefined period in the transformation from spermatozoal to embryonic genome, the chromatin is devoid of a complement of basic proteins.
利用针对精子细胞核碱性蛋白组分以及组蛋白H2b和H4的特异性抗血清，通过免疫荧光法，并结合溴化乙锭染色，对小鼠卵母细胞、卵子和受精精子的染色体组成进行了研究。这些研究支持了之前提出的假说（罗德曼和巴特，1979年，《发育生物学》第68卷：82 - 95页），即卵母细胞在成熟过程中染色体纳入了与精子发生过程中纳入的类似的独特碱性蛋白。在此，这种相似性以免疫交叉反应为特征。受精精子细胞核的碱性蛋白以及卵子两个单倍体组分的交叉反应部分在精子进入后不久会同时被取代。然而，由于纳入卵母细胞染色体的独特碱性蛋白并不像在精子发生序列中那样完全取代组蛋白，在所检测的所有受精后阶段，母源染色体都显示有组蛋白H2b和H4，而在原核成熟前的一段时间内，正在解聚的父源染色体组分既不含有精子碱性染色体蛋白也不含有组蛋白。用溴化乙锭对相同标本进行连续染色显示，残留DNA复合体具有组织良好的核形态。这些观察结果表明，在从精子基因组向胚胎基因组转变的一段尚未明确的时期内，染色质缺乏碱性蛋白组分。
