Abyholm T, Stray-Pedersen S
Int J Androl. 1981 Oct;4(5):546-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1981.tb00737.x.
Clinical examinations including cytogenetical analyses were performed in 356 male partners of barren couples, 176 with azoospermia and 180 men with sperm counts below 10 million/ml. The chromosomal aberrations observed were: Klinefelter's syndrome (15 cases), 46 XX (3), 47 XYY (1), Y-chromosome anomalies (5), robertsonian (8) and reciprocal autosomal translocations (1), and 46 XY 16 h + (1). If minor variants were excluded this gave an incidence of constitutional chromosomal abnormalities of 11.9% in the azoospermia group and 4.4% in the oligozoospermia group. The phenotypes expressed by the specific anomalies showed great variations and appeared to be practically indistinguishable from those individuals having a normal karyotype.