Levison P K
NIDA Res Monogr. 1981 Jul;37:27-41.
The foregoing discussion attempts to accomplish two objectives: (1) to present criteria which are commonly employed to characterize "addictions"; (2) to discuss the usefulness of such criteria as a first step toward a more sophisticated analysis. It should be obvious that no single criterion is sufficient to define an addiction. Also, not all are necessary. These criteria, growing out of common usage, are imprecise, but they offer a basis for assessing common properties in more highly refined ways.
（1）提出常用于界定“成瘾”的标准；（2）讨论这些标准作为迈向更精细分析的第一步的有用性。显而易见，没有单一标准足以定义成瘾。而且，并非所有标准都是必要的。这些源自日常用法的标准并不精确，但它们为以更精细的方式评估共同特性提供了基础。
