Skarda R T, Muir W W
Am J Vet Res. 1981 Oct;42(10):1747-50.
Arterial blood pressure, blood gas tensions (PaCO2, PaO2), and pH (pHa) were determined in 16 adult, nonpregnant Holstein cows (620 +/- 54 kg) given subarachnoid injection of a 5% procaine hydrochloride solution at the T13-L1 intervertebral space. Analgesia, as determined by response to superficial and deep muscular pinpricks at the L1 dermatome, was delayed (onset) 7 to 15 minutes, and it lasted (duration) 28 to 83 minutes. Thoracolumbar analgesia extending between spinal cord segments T9 and L4 on 1 or both sides of the spine produced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in heart rate and decreases in respiratory rate, but otherwise had no effect (P less than 0.05) on systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures, PaCO2, PaO2, and pHa. Similarly, no significant changes (P less than 0.05) of physiologic variables were observed in a control group of 5 cows given a subarachnoidal injection of 0.9% sodium chloride solution at 1 hour before procaine hydrochloride was injected. It was concluded that the unsedated, healthy cow tolerates segmental subarachnoid analgesia between spinal segments T9 and L4 well and that this analgesia is not adversely affected by hypoxemia, respiratory acidosis, or hypotension.
在16头成年非妊娠荷斯坦奶牛（体重620±54千克）的第13胸椎至第1腰椎间隙蛛网膜下腔注射5%盐酸普鲁卡因溶液后，测定其动脉血压、血气张力（动脉血二氧化碳分压、动脉血氧分压）和pH值（动脉血pH值）。通过对第1腰椎皮节的浅部和深部肌肉针刺反应确定的镇痛效果，起效延迟7至15分钟，持续时间为28至83分钟。脊柱一侧或两侧脊髓节段T9至L4之间的胸腰段镇痛使心率显著增加（P<0.05）、呼吸频率降低，但对收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉血压、动脉血二氧化碳分压、动脉血氧分压和动脉血pH值无显著影响（P<0.05）。同样，在注射盐酸普鲁卡因前1小时蛛网膜下腔注射0.9%氯化钠溶液的5头奶牛对照组中，未观察到生理变量的显著变化（P<0.05）。得出的结论是，未镇静的健康奶牛对脊髓节段T9至L4之间的节段性蛛网膜下腔镇痛耐受性良好，且这种镇痛不受低氧血症、呼吸性酸中毒或低血压的不利影响。
