Sessions D G
Head Neck Surg. 1982 Sep-Oct;5(1):42-52. doi: 10.1002/hed.2890050109.
Recent advances in surgery of the larynx and trachea have occurred in the general areas of diagnosis, pretreatment nutritional therapy, surgical technique, and reconstruction. In diagnosis the routine use of the flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope in the office and the use of computerized tomography have been valuable. The addition of enteral and parenteral nutrition therapy in selected patients with laryngeal cancer has been an advance. In the area of surgical technique, section of the recurrent nerve for the treatment of abductor laryngeal spastic dysphonia has proved successful. In the area of reconstruction the use of the epiglottic flap for repair of the larynx after near-total laryngectomy for glottic cancer and the use of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for one-stage pharyngoesophageal reconstruction have been significant advances. An increase in the number of patients with chronic lung disease has created a new interest in tracheal fenestration.
喉和气管外科的最新进展体现在诊断、术前营养治疗、手术技术和重建等一般领域。在诊断方面，在诊室常规使用可弯曲纤维喉镜以及计算机断层扫描很有价值。对选定的喉癌患者增加肠内和肠外营养治疗是一项进展。在手术技术领域，切断喉返神经治疗喉外展肌痉挛性发音障碍已被证明是成功的。在重建领域，会厌瓣用于声门癌近全喉切除术后的喉修复，以及胸大肌肌皮瓣用于一期咽食管重建，都是重大进展。慢性肺病患者数量的增加引发了对气管造口术的新兴趣。
