Hirobe T
J Exp Zool. 1982 Dec 30;224(3):355-63. doi: 10.1002/jez.1402240308.
The mode of differentiation of epidermal melanocytes was studied by ultrastructural cytochemistry in the skin of newborn mice of strain C57BL/10J. From observations of epidermal melanoblasts and melanocytes, stage I melanosomes, including both unit membranes and inner matrices, appear to be formed from Golgi vacuoles or rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Stage I melanosomes were positive to ammoniacal silver-nitrate reaction in the melanoblasts of 1-day-old mice. All stages of melanosomes were similarly positive in the differentiating melanocytes of 2-day-old mice. However, Golgi apparatus, RER, and vesicles were negative. Therefore, it is conceivable that structural proteins, originated from Golgi vacuoles or RER, are developed into specialized proteins and are detected by this reaction in stage I melanosomes. Stage I melanosomes were dopa-negative in the melanoblasts. Stage I and II melanosomes were similarly negative in the differentiating melanocytes. Thus, the melanoblasts are thought to begin production of stage I melanosomes prior to the onset of tyrosinase activity. In the differentiating melanocytes, dopa-melanin depositions were observed in stage III and IV melanosomes, trans Golgi saccules, and small vesicles derived from these saccules, but not in RER. These vesicles were in contact with, or fused to, melanosomes. These findings suggest that tyrosinase may be transferred by Golgi vesicles into stage I and II melanosomes originating from Golgi vacuoles or RER.
利用超微结构细胞化学方法，对C57BL/10J品系新生小鼠皮肤中表皮黑素细胞的分化模式进行了研究。通过对表皮黑素母细胞和黑素细胞的观察，包括单位膜和内部基质的I期黑素小体似乎由高尔基体空泡或粗面内质网（RER）形成。I期黑素小体在1日龄小鼠的黑素母细胞中对氨性硝酸银反应呈阳性。在2日龄小鼠正在分化的黑素细胞中，黑素小体的所有阶段均呈类似阳性。然而，高尔基体、粗面内质网和小泡呈阴性。因此，可以推测，源自高尔基体空泡或粗面内质网的结构蛋白发展成为特殊蛋白，并在I期黑素小体中通过该反应被检测到。I期黑素小体在黑素母细胞中多巴阴性。I期和II期黑素小体在正在分化的黑素细胞中同样呈阴性。因此，黑素母细胞被认为在酪氨酸酶活性开始之前就开始产生I期黑素小体。在正在分化的黑素细胞中，在III期和IV期黑素小体、反式高尔基体囊泡以及源自这些囊泡的小泡中观察到多巴黑色素沉积，但在粗面内质网中未观察到。这些小泡与黑素小体接触或融合。这些发现表明，酪氨酸酶可能由高尔基体小泡转移到源自高尔基体空泡或粗面内质网的I期和II期黑素小体中。
