Perucca E, Garratt A, Hebdige S, Richens A
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1978 Aug;41(8):713-8. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.41.8.713.
Plasma sodium and osmolality were determined in 80 adult epileptic patients receiving chronic treatment with carbamazepine and in 50 control patients treated with other anticonvulsant drugs. Mean plasma osmolality was significantly lower in the carbamazepine-treated patients but mean plasma sodium did not differ in the two groups. Hyponatraemia was found in five of the carbamazine-treated patients and hypo-osmolality in six. None of the control patients had hyponatraemia and only one had a borderline low osmolality. Three of the 13 patients receiving carbamazepine alone were hyponatraemic. Plasma sodium concentration correlated negatively with both daily carbamazepine dose and serum carbamazepine level. Free water clearance after an oral water load was determined in six patients on carbamazepine alone and in six normal subjects not receiving drug therapy. The capacity of some of the patients to excrete the water load was found to be grossly impaired.
对80例接受卡马西平长期治疗的成年癫痫患者以及50例接受其他抗惊厥药物治疗的对照患者测定了血浆钠和渗透压。卡马西平治疗组患者的平均血浆渗透压显著较低，但两组的平均血浆钠水平无差异。在接受卡马西平治疗的患者中有5例出现低钠血症，6例出现低渗透压血症。对照患者中无一例出现低钠血症，只有1例渗透压略低。单独接受卡马西平治疗的13例患者中有3例出现低钠血症。血浆钠浓度与每日卡马西平剂量和血清卡马西平水平均呈负相关。对6例单独服用卡马西平的患者和6例未接受药物治疗的正常受试者进行了口服水负荷后的自由水清除率测定。发现部分患者排出水负荷的能力严重受损。
