Shand J E, Richardson M, Belbeck L W, Julian J, Gunstensen J
Can J Surg. 1983 Mar;26(2):149-53.
The use of autogenous vein as an arterial substitute has been advocated for many years. Methods of harvesting generally cause spasm of the vein and it has been shown that preventing the spasm by applying papaverine improves long-term patency. The present study was undertaken to see if the reported long-term patency of such grafts was associated with improved short-term appearance of the venous endothelium as viewed with the scanning electron microscope. Two groups of dogs were studied; those sacrificed at 3 hours and those at 24 hours after replacing excised segments of the carotid and femoral arteries with cephalic veins. One of the veins was removed in the standard manner allowing spasm followed by distension back to its pre-spasm state; in the other, spasm was prevented by the topical application of papaverine before removal. The study shows that venous endothelial integrity is preserved by the use of papaverine and this improved appearance of the endothelium persists for the first 24 hours after insertion into an arterial milieu. But the study also demonstrated that there was extensive activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes associated with the endothelium in the early hours after arterialization and that they appeared to have a deleterious effect on the endothelium.
自体静脉作为动脉替代物的应用已被提倡多年。采集方法通常会导致静脉痉挛，并且已经表明通过应用罂粟碱预防痉挛可提高长期通畅率。本研究旨在观察此类移植物所报道的长期通畅率是否与扫描电子显微镜观察到的静脉内皮短期外观改善相关。研究了两组犬；一组在将颈总动脉和股动脉切除段用头静脉置换后3小时处死，另一组在24小时后处死。其中一条静脉以标准方式移除，允许痉挛，然后扩张回到痉挛前状态；另一条静脉在移除前通过局部应用罂粟碱预防痉挛。研究表明，使用罂粟碱可保持静脉内皮完整性，并且这种内皮外观改善在插入动脉环境后的最初24小时内持续存在。但研究还表明，在动脉化后的早期，内皮周围有大量多形核白细胞活动，并且它们似乎对内皮有有害作用。
