Rudolph A M
Hepatology. 1983 Mar-Apr;3(2):254-8. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840030220.
The course of the venous circulation in the fetal liver has been studied in fetal lambs by means of the radionuclide-labeled microsphere technique. About 50% of umbilical venous blood passes through the ductus venosus, while the remainder is distributed to both lobes of the liver. Portal venous blood is largely distributed to the right lobe of the liver, with a small proportion passing through the ductus venosus and none to the left lobe. Because of these flow patterns, oxygen saturation is lower in the right than in the left hepatic vein. Left hepatic venous blood joins the ductus venosus stream and these preferentially pass through the foramen ovale, whereas right hepatic venous blood joins the distal inferior vena caval stream and preferentially passes through the tricuspid valve. These patterns favor distribution of well-oxygenated blood to the fetal heart and brain. Hypoxia and reduced umbilical venous return are associated with reduced flow through the hepatic microcirculation with proportionately greater ductus venosus flow. In the fetus, the liver has a major role in influencing venous return to the heart and in regulating distribution of oxygen and energy substrate supply to different fetal organs.
利用放射性核素标记微球技术，在胎羊身上研究了胎儿肝脏内的静脉循环过程。约50%的脐静脉血通过静脉导管，其余部分则分布于肝脏的两叶。门静脉血大部分分布于肝脏右叶，一小部分通过静脉导管，无血液进入左叶。由于这些血流模式，右肝静脉的氧饱和度低于左肝静脉。左肝静脉血汇入静脉导管血流，这些血流优先通过卵圆孔，而右肝静脉血汇入下腔静脉远端血流，优先通过三尖瓣。这些模式有利于将氧合良好的血液分配到胎儿心脏和大脑。缺氧和脐静脉回流血量减少与肝脏微循环血流减少及静脉导管血流成比例增加有关。在胎儿期，肝脏在影响心脏静脉回流以及调节向不同胎儿器官的氧和能量底物供应分配方面起主要作用。
