Malven P V, Erb R E, D'Amico M F, Stewart T S, Chew B P
J Dairy Sci. 1983 Feb;66(2):246-52. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(83)81783-4.
The severity and anatomical extent of mammary edema (edema) of 73 primigravid Holstein heifers was scored, and certain hormones in peripheral blood plasma were quantified. The objective was to obtain by least-squares analysis of covariance independent estimates of the association of each hormone and other factors with edema scores around first calving. Mammary edema prepartum increased with age of heifer and gestation length, decreased as calf birthweight increased, but was unrelated to seasonal fluctuations in temperature and photoperiod. The increase in edema during the last week of pregnancy was accounted for by associations with prepartum concentrations of hormones in plasma. The independent estimates of hormonal relationships to edema score prepartum were positive for plasma estrone and estradiol-17 alpha and were negative for plasma estradiol-17 beta and progesterone. Plasma prolactin was not related to edema score. After parturition, estradiol-17 beta was the only independent variable associated (negatively) with edema. The results indicate a complicated interaction among the sex steroids of late pregnancy wherein some steroids may promote edema and other steroids may inhibit edema in heifers.
对73头初产荷斯坦小母牛的乳腺水肿（水肿）严重程度和解剖范围进行了评分，并对外周血浆中的某些激素进行了定量分析。目的是通过协方差的最小二乘法分析，独立估计每种激素和其他因素与首次产犊前后水肿评分之间的关联。产前乳腺水肿随着小母牛年龄和妊娠期的增加而增加，随着犊牛出生体重的增加而减少，但与温度和光周期的季节性波动无关。妊娠最后一周水肿的增加是由与产前血浆中激素浓度的关联所导致的。产前激素与水肿评分关系的独立估计显示，血浆雌酮和雌二醇-17α呈正相关，而血浆雌二醇-17β和孕酮呈负相关。血浆催乳素与水肿评分无关。分娩后，雌二醇-17β是唯一与水肿相关（呈负相关）的独立变量。结果表明，妊娠后期性类固醇之间存在复杂的相互作用，其中一些类固醇可能促进水肿，而其他类固醇可能抑制小母牛的水肿。
