Sparber S B, Lichtblau L
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1983 Apr;225(1):1-7.
We studied the effect of neonatal undernutrition and its attendant stresses on the behavior and thermoregulation of adult rats in the absence and presence of morphine. Undernutrition was accomplished by fostering half the pups in each litter to a nonpregnant, nonlactating female rat every other day for the first 6 days of life. As a control, the remaining pups were fostered to lactating rats. Significant alterations in body and brain weight and in brain DNA, RNA and protein were noted in undernourished rats at 10 and 21 days of age. At 6 months of age, no difference was observed in unconditioned exploratory behavior or in the acquisition and performance of a conditioned autoshaped lever touch response. Differential sensitivity to morphine was observed in nourished and undernourished rats performing the autoshaped response at asymptotic levels. At 1 year of age, undernourished rats displayed lower rectal temperatures than controls and showed an altered thermic response to morphine. These data demonstrate that poor nutritional status and other nondrug factors may be responsible for the altered thermoregulation and opiate sensitivity observed in rodents perinatally addicted to opioids, effects generally regarded as specific consequences of early opiate exposure.
我们研究了新生期营养不良及其伴随的应激对成年大鼠在有无吗啡情况下行为和体温调节的影响。通过在出生后的前6天每隔一天将每窝一半的幼崽寄养给一只未怀孕、不哺乳的雌性大鼠来实现营养不良。作为对照，将其余幼崽寄养给正在哺乳的大鼠。在10日龄和21日龄的营养不良大鼠中，观察到体重、脑重以及脑DNA、RNA和蛋白质有显著变化。在6个月大时，未观察到非条件探索行为或条件性自动形成杠杆触摸反应的习得和表现存在差异。在以渐近水平进行自动形成反应的营养良好和营养不良的大鼠中，观察到对吗啡的敏感性不同。在1岁时，营养不良的大鼠直肠温度低于对照组，并且对吗啡的热反应发生了改变。这些数据表明，营养状况不佳和其他非药物因素可能是围产期对阿片类药物成瘾的啮齿动物中观察到的体温调节改变和阿片类药物敏感性改变的原因，这些影响通常被认为是早期接触阿片类药物的特定后果。
