Burch K H, Quinn E L, Saravolatz L D, Madhavan T, Jovanovich J F, Pohlod D
South Med J. 1983 Apr;76(4):448-52. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198304000-00008.
Ten patients, eight of them heroin addicts, with infective endocarditis were treated with cephapirin. Causative organisms included Staphylococcus aureus in six patients and viridans streptococci, S bovis, and S pneumoniae in one patient each. In one of the patients with endocarditis, both S aureus and an organism of the beta-Streptococcus group were simultaneously isolated. All patients except two, both with monomicrobial S aureus endocarditis, were cured. All isolates were inhibited by less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml of cephapirin. Peak serum bactericidal activity greater than or equal to 32 times the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the causative organism was achieved in all cases after giving 2 gm IV every four hours. After using large inoculums of staphylococci for in vitro tests, we found that twofold to eightfold increases in MIC occurred. Cephapirin was well tolerated intravenously and high levels in serum were achieved without toxicity or accumulation of the drug.
10例感染性心内膜炎患者接受了头孢匹林治疗，其中8例为海洛因成瘾者。致病微生物包括6例金黄色葡萄球菌，1例草绿色链球菌、牛链球菌和肺炎链球菌。在1例心内膜炎患者中，同时分离出金黄色葡萄球菌和β-链球菌属的一种微生物。除2例均为单微生物金黄色葡萄球菌心内膜炎患者外，所有患者均治愈。所有分离株对头孢匹林的抑菌浓度均小于或等于0.5微克/毫升。在每4小时静脉注射2克后，所有病例的血清杀菌活性峰值均达到致病微生物最小抑菌浓度（MIC）的32倍或更高。在体外试验中使用大量葡萄球菌接种物后，我们发现MIC增加了2倍至8倍。头孢匹林静脉给药耐受性良好，血清中达到了高浓度，且无药物毒性或蓄积。
