Gerhardt P, van Kaick G
Radiologe. 1978 Jul;18(7):243-51.
The remarkable advantages of computerized tomography are graphic and numerical recording of very small differences in radiation absorption as well as presentation of the transverse body section. In the liver cysts, hematomas, abscesses and tumors larger than 2 cm in diameter can be diagnosed. To some extent differentiation between these lesions can be achieved by density measurements. Obstructive jaundice is another indication for computer tomography of the liver, the bile ducts and of the gall bladder. However, gall stones cannot be detected. The pancreas can be visualized in about 90% of all patients. Pseudocysts can be differentiated from inflammatory edema or tumors. The carcinoma of the pancreas does not differ in density from normal or inflammatory parenchyma. Therefore the diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreas is still limited, although improvement has been achieved as well. The kidneys can be very well outlined on CT-images. Diagnostic assessment can be improved by application of contrast media. Recognition of cysts, urinary obstructions and tumors are possible with a high diagnostic reliability. Computerized tomography cannot replace the conventional diagnostic procedures; in the future the combination of several examinations will still be necessary.
计算机断层扫描的显著优点是能够以图像和数字形式记录辐射吸收的极小差异，并呈现身体横断面。对于肝脏囊肿、血肿、脓肿以及直径大于2厘米的肿瘤都能够进行诊断。在一定程度上，通过密度测量可以对这些病变进行鉴别。阻塞性黄疸是肝脏、胆管和胆囊计算机断层扫描的另一适应症。然而，无法检测到胆结石。在大约90%的患者中可以看到胰腺。假性囊肿可以与炎性水肿或肿瘤相鉴别。胰腺癌在密度上与正常或炎性实质无差异。因此，尽管也取得了一定进展，但胰腺癌的诊断仍然有限。在CT图像上可以非常清晰地勾勒出肾脏轮廓。通过使用造影剂可以提高诊断评估。能够以较高的诊断可靠性识别囊肿、尿路梗阻和肿瘤。计算机断层扫描不能取代传统诊断程序；未来仍需要多种检查相结合。
