Etienne M, Camous S, Cuvillier A
Reprod Nutr Dev (1980). 1983;23(2a):309-19.
Effects on reproduction of feed restriction during different periods of growth were investigated in 76 Large-White gilts given one of 3 treatments between 79 days of age (27.9 kg) and puberty. The control gilts (group 1) were fed ad libitum during the experimental period, and those in group 2 received 12% less feed from 61 kg of liveweight until puberty. The gilts in group 3 received 33% less feed before 61 kg and were then pair-fed with the gilts in group 1. All the gilts were mated at first estrus and received 2.4 kg of feed per day during pregnancy. They were laparotomized at 38 days after mating and slaughtered at 105 days of pregnancy to measure early and late embryonic mortality. Contrary to group 3 (age at puberty: 256 days), no difference was found in age at puberty between group 1 and 2 gilts (232 and 226 days, respectively). Early undernutrition delayed age at first estrus, even when followed by normal feeding after 61 kg of liveweight. The gilts in group 2 had less backfat (backfat depth 24 vs 31 mm) and weighed less at puberty than the others (111 kg vs 124 kg). Severe undernutrition tended to increase early embryonic mortality (21.1, 18.8 and 33% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) but the reverse was observed thereafter so that there was no difference in total embryonic mortality at 105 days of gestation (32.6, 30.6 and 36.5% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively).
对76头大白母猪在79日龄（27.9千克）至初情期期间进行3种处理之一，研究不同生长阶段限饲对繁殖性能的影响。对照组母猪（第1组）在实验期自由采食，第2组母猪从体重61千克直至初情期采食减少12%。第3组母猪在体重61千克前采食减少33%，然后与第1组母猪进行配对饲喂。所有母猪在首次发情时配种，妊娠期每天采食2.4千克饲料。配种后38天进行剖腹术，妊娠105天时屠宰，以测定早期和晚期胚胎死亡率。与第3组（初情期年龄：256天）相反，第1组和第2组母猪的初情期年龄无差异（分别为232天和226天）。早期营养不足会延迟首次发情的年龄，即使在体重达到61千克后恢复正常饲喂也是如此。第2组母猪的背膘较少（背膘厚度24毫米对31毫米），初情期体重比其他组轻（111千克对124千克）。严重营养不足倾向于增加早期胚胎死亡率（第1、2和3组分别为21.1%、18.8%和33%），但此后观察到相反情况，因此妊娠105天时的总胚胎死亡率无差异（第1、2和3组分别为32.6%、30.6%和36.5%）。
