Muscle abnormalities associated with radial aplasia.

The purpose of this paper was to report the muscle variations in eleven cases of radial aplasia and to extract information relative to normal and abnormal limb muscle development. The cases all involved other defects ranging from acardia to "thrombocytopenia-absent radius" (TAR) and included several multiple malformations. The muscle patterns did not seem to depend upon the etiology of the radial aplasia but appeared to be more dependent upon late embryonic or early fetal muscular repositioning.