Enzell K
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jan;67(1):21-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb00327.x.
Persons born in 1905 and living in the municipality of Stockholm were, in 1971, invited to a health check-up. The participants in this investigation were 3 years later invited to a follow-up-control. In this, 4,930 persons participated, i.e. approx. 50% of Stockholmers born in 1905, the original target population. In a questionnaire administered in connection with the 1974 health check-up 4% of the men and 7% of the women claimed to have symptoms suggesting a depressive syndrome. These 284 persons were examined psychiatrically, as well as 178 who had claimed the same symptoms 3 years earlier, and 127 who constituted a control group, in all 589 persons. In nearly all cases the depressed mood was judged to be a sign of neurotic condition. Severe untreated depressive states were not observed. In most cases retirement as such seemed not to have had any negative effect on the mental health of the examinees. Fifty-nine subjects stated that their mental problems had begun after the health examination in 1971, i.e. after the age of 65. The majority of subjects with mental disorders had developed their problems much earlier. It would appear that a general health control for elderly people in a major urban area does not reach those pensioners who are most depressed.
1905年出生且居住在斯德哥尔摩市的人在1971年被邀请参加一次健康检查。这些调查参与者在3年后被邀请参加一次随访检查。此次有4930人参与，即约占1905年出生的斯德哥尔摩人的50%，这是最初的目标人群。在1974年健康检查时发放的一份问卷中，4%的男性和7%的女性声称有提示抑郁综合征的症状。这284人接受了精神科检查，还有178人在3年前也声称有相同症状，以及127人组成一个对照组，总共589人。几乎在所有病例中，抑郁情绪被判定为神经症状态的一个迹象。未观察到严重的未经治疗的抑郁状态。在大多数情况下，退休本身似乎对受检者的心理健康没有任何负面影响。59名受试者表示他们的心理问题始于1971年的健康检查之后，即65岁之后。大多数有精神障碍的受试者在更早的时候就出现了问题。看起来在一个大城市对老年人进行的全面健康检查并没有涵盖那些抑郁程度最深的退休人员。
