Ekstrand J, Gillquist J, Möller M, Oberg B, Liljedahl S O
Am J Sports Med. 1983 Mar-Apr;11(2):63-7. doi: 10.1177/036354658301100203.
One hundred-eighty players in a male soccer senior division of 12 teams were observed prospectively for 1 year to study the risk of soccer injuries in relation to exposure and to establish the connection between training, injuries, and team success. Totally, more than 100 hours of practice were analyzed. All injuries were examined by the same orthopaedic surgeon. On the average, each team played 36 games and had 95 practice sessions with 66% attendance of selected players. A direct correlation was noted between team success and the amount of training. Teams with more than average training showed a diminishing number of injuries. A high practice-to-game ratio seems to be advantageous. One injury every third game and every ninth practice session was documented. For the individual player the incidence of injury was 7.6/1000 practice hours and 16.9/1000 game hours. The incidence of injury was higher at training camps. Correlation was noted between the design of the training and the incidence of injuries. The duration of warming up seemed adequate, but its content did not appear to be satisfactory from a clinical point of view. Redesign of the warm-up with more emphasis on flexibility and the addition of a cool-down is suggested to reduce injuries.
对12支球队男子足球高级组的180名球员进行了为期1年的前瞻性观察，以研究足球运动损伤风险与暴露情况的关系，并确定训练、损伤和球队成绩之间的联系。总共分析了超过100小时的训练情况。所有损伤均由同一位骨科医生进行检查。平均而言，每支球队进行了36场比赛，有95次训练课，选定球员的出勤率为66%。研究发现球队成绩与训练量之间存在直接关联。训练量高于平均水平的球队损伤数量减少。高训练与比赛比率似乎具有优势。记录显示每三场比赛和每九次训练课就有一次损伤。对于个体球员而言，损伤发生率为每1000小时训练7.6次、每1000小时比赛16.9次。训练营中的损伤发生率更高。研究发现训练设计与损伤发生率之间存在关联。热身时间似乎足够，但从临床角度来看，其内容似乎并不令人满意。建议重新设计热身活动，更加强调灵活性，并增加放松环节，以减少损伤。
