Stewart G J, Alburger P D, Stone E A, Soszka T W
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983 Jan;65(1):97-102.
The effects of total hip replacement on the condition of the luminal surface of the jugular and femoral veins and the carotid and femoral arteries were studied in healthy dogs. Four hours after the completion of surgery, most of the blood was removed by whole-body perfusion and the vessels were partially fixed in situ by glutaraldehyde perfusion, harvested, and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. In control dogs (held under anesthesia) the luminal surfaces of the veins (including valves and confluences) and arteries were covered by intact endothelium and were free of adhering blood cells. The arteries from dogs that were operated on were also free of damage. In contrast, the veins from dogs that were operated on showed a series of roughly parallel microtears around 70 to 80 per cent of the confluences of the side branches with the jugular or femoral vein. The basement membrane as well as the endothelial sheet was torn, thereby exposing underlying connective-tissue fibers and smooth muscle cells. The endothelium separated along intercellular junctions. The tears were infiltrated with many leukocytes and platelets and some erythrocytes. Subtle endothelial changes and patchy leukocyte adhesion occurred away from the side branches. The mechanism or mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
在健康犬中研究了全髋关节置换对颈静脉和股静脉以及颈动脉和股动脉管腔表面状况的影响。手术完成4小时后，通过全身灌注去除大部分血液，并用戊二醛灌注将血管原位部分固定，然后收获并制备用于扫描电子显微镜检查。在对照犬（处于麻醉状态）中，静脉（包括瓣膜和汇合处）和动脉的管腔表面覆盖有完整的内皮，且没有黏附的血细胞。接受手术的犬的动脉也未受损。相比之下，接受手术的犬的静脉在侧支与颈静脉或股静脉汇合处约70%至80%的周围出现了一系列大致平行的微撕裂。基底膜以及内皮细胞层被撕裂，从而暴露了下面的结缔组织纤维和平滑肌细胞。内皮沿着细胞间连接分离。撕裂处有许多白细胞、血小板以及一些红细胞浸润。在远离侧支的部位发生了细微的内皮变化和散在的白细胞黏附。其机制仍有待阐明。
