Rumley T O, Rodgers B M
J Pediatr Surg. 1983 Apr;18(2):138-40. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(83)80535-1.
Gallbladder disease in children today is being diagnosed increasingly because of better awareness of its existence and of improved diagnostic capability. A case is presented to describe an unusual pathologic variant termed "acute hydrops" of the gallbladder. This entity occurs specifically in children and is characterized by an acute illness with massive distention of the gallbladder in the absence of stones, bacteria, or congenital malformations. Differential diagnoses include appendiceal abscess, intussusception, volvulus, peritonitis, and pyelonephritis. Routine and contrast radiographic techniques may be combined with abdominal ultrasound to aid in the preoperative diagnosis. The etiology of hydrops is not known, but bile stasis and mesenteric lymphadenitis seem to be important factors. Treatment has varied from supportive observation to operative aspiration or cholecystectomy.
如今，由于对儿童胆囊疾病的存在有了更好的认识以及诊断能力的提高，其诊断越来越多。现报告一例病例，描述一种不寻常的病理变异，称为胆囊“急性积水”。这种情况专门发生在儿童身上，其特征是在没有结石、细菌或先天性畸形的情况下，出现急性疾病并伴有胆囊大量扩张。鉴别诊断包括阑尾脓肿、肠套叠、肠扭转、腹膜炎和肾盂肾炎。常规和造影放射学技术可与腹部超声相结合，以辅助术前诊断。积水的病因尚不清楚，但胆汁淤积和肠系膜淋巴结炎似乎是重要因素。治疗方法从支持性观察到手术抽吸或胆囊切除术不等。
