Gugler R, Musch E
Z Gastroenterol. 1983 Mar;21 Suppl:127-33.
The incidence of side effects from antacids is low, but patients with renal insufficiency are at risk to develop alkalosis with high doses of calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxides, or to develop hypercalcemia due to insufficient calcium elimination by the kidneys.--A great potential exists for drug interactions with antacids. In most instances, the effectiveness of other drugs is decreased in the presence of antacids, but effectiveness may be increased for L-dopa (less degradation in stomach) or quinidine (renal elimination reduced). Interactions at the absorption level can be avoided by administering the antacid one hour after intake of the other drugs (one hour after meals) which is also the optimum dosing schedule to ensure good antacid effect. Interactions through changes of urine pH are not eliminated by observing special dosing time schedules, but by modifying the dose or by selecting alternative drug treatment.
抗酸剂的副作用发生率较低，但肾功能不全的患者在大剂量服用碳酸钙或氢氧化镁时，有发生碱中毒的风险，或因肾脏对钙的清除不足而发生高钙血症。——抗酸剂存在很大的药物相互作用可能性。在大多数情况下，抗酸剂存在时其他药物的疗效会降低，但左旋多巴（在胃中降解减少）或奎尼丁（肾脏排泄减少）的疗效可能会增加。通过在服用其他药物一小时后（饭后一小时）服用抗酸剂，可以避免吸收层面的相互作用，这也是确保良好抗酸效果的最佳给药时间表。通过改变尿液pH值产生的相互作用，不能通过遵守特殊的给药时间表消除，而是通过调整剂量或选择替代药物治疗来消除。
